Mr. PM! 10 very important suggestions to stem the economic rot of the country
Pakistan Submerged in the Debt Trap..!
There is a feeling that government is mortgaging the future of the country with the foreign donor agencies, by taking so much huge amount of loans (that too just for the repayment of the old loans), which this poor country may never be able to repay. This means that in every terms, we have gone bankrupt; and can’t even breathe, without the debt life line.
Today, Pakistan is not under huge debt, rather, it is completely buried under the debt. The government has borrowed Rs.611 billion in just 40 days from the state bank of Pakistan, as against Rs.507 billion in full year (2012-13). In other words, the PMLN’s government has borrowed Rs.15.3 billion per day in 40 days as against Rs.1.4 billion per day by the previous regime in 2012-13.
The 6% depreciation of Rupee vs the USD in the last 80 days, has cost Pakistan Rs.3.5 billion per day and has added additional Rs.276 billion in public debt in the last 80 days. (Figures quoted in this para and its preceding para were reported by Dr. Ashfaque H Khan, in his article, reproduced below, titled “A nation’s debt” published by the daily “The News” dated 27 August, 2013).
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H’able Prime Minister Mian Nawaz Sharif Sahab, you always spoke against the debt burden through out the last 5 years tenure of the PPP.
However, now your government has broken the entire 365 days record of the PPP government in just first 40 days, as per the details explained above.
As such, kindly take it as very serious matter (of the economic life and death of the Pakistan) because, all the world knows that the USSR, the strongest nuclear power of the world, was broken, not because of any enemy action, but by its own economic melt down.
Sir, unfortunately, all financial indicators points that your era is moving the country fast towards economic melt down.
You may remember, I requested you to to take the personal charge of the affairs of the country, lest the situation may not come to a pass, where even you may not become helpless, to stem the rot.
In this regard, after declaring an economic emergency, the following economy and austerity measures are suggested for adoption, to at least put up an impression to the masses, that government is seriously contemplating to improve the economic resurgence of Pakistan. And also to dispel the impression that your economic policy is not to just blindly run the country on domestic and foreign loans and to merely pass your tenure of the government, without bothering about the repercussions of the future inability of the country, to pay back these loans.
SUGGESTIONS
1. Immediate 50% reduction of all the pay and perks of the entire government servants/employees (except all the security personnel who are shedding their blood for our safe and better tomorrow) from president to the peon. This should include all government employees, employees of the government semi-government/autonomous corporations/ banks, PIA, Railways, Steel Mills etc.
However, upon improvement of the economic situation the unpaid 50% salary amount should be gradually given back to the employees.
Moreover, for all these government employees, there should be a 50% rebate in payment of all utility bills and educational fees of their children during this period of economic emergency.
2. 50% expenditure reduction in the entire PSDP.
3. Absolute ban on the foreign trips of the government officials. All international meetings to be attended by the respective envoy’s of Pakistan, in that country.
4. Absolute ban on the foreign medical treatment on government expenditure, right from the top to the bottom.
5. Cessation of the entire subsidy on the food items available to the Senators, MNA’s and MPA’s at the Parliament’s cafeteria, where Roti is served almost free; and even in Peshawar, it is selling at Rs.15/- for the general Public.
6. Complete ban (in real sense) on the official entertainments at all levels.
7. NAB may be directed to take very immediate steps (absolutely ruthlessly) to recover (from within and outside Pakistan) all the looted national money, on a fast track basis.
8. Immediate nationalisation (without giving any time to the ultra rich people to move their precious jewellery out of Pakistan) of the GOLD, DIAMONDS, GEMS and precious metal in Pakistan.
9. Reduce taxation rate of all types of taxes, GST, levies, excise etc. to a maximum of 10%.
10. During the currency of this economic emergency period, there should be a ban on increase in the prices and rates of POL, utilities and all essential items.
With warm regards and best wishes.
Sincerely yours,
Syed Nayyar Uddin Ahmad
Lahore – Pakistan
Sent from my iPad3 4G LTE
Article of Dr. A.H. Khan published in the daily “The News” dated 27 August, 2013.
A nation’s debt
Dr Ashfaque H Khan
Tuesday, August 27, 2013
From Print Edition
The prime minister, in his address to the nation, expressed his concern about the rising debt of the country. His concern was right because high and rising debt constitutes a serious threat to economic prosperity. It acts as a major impediment to growth and hence to employment generation and poverty alleviation. It also discourages both foreign and domestic investment and puts pressure on the exchange rate thereby causing sharp depreciation of the exchange rate and the attendant rise in public debt.
Managing the country’s debt is an art as well as a science. It requires proper institution to manage the debt. Successful debt reduction would require fiscal consolidation and a policy mix that supports growth. Key elements of this policy mix and measures include addressing structural weaknesses in the economy, domestic resource mobilisation and supportive monetary policy.
Fiscal consolidation must emphasise persistent structural reforms for resource mobilisation and expenditure rationalisation over temporary fiscal measures such as increasing tax rates and reducing expenditure across the board. Fiscal institutions including the country’s debt office can play an important role in locking any gains. Reducing public debt takes time; therefore, fiscal consolidation must focus on enduring structural change.
Pakistan’s public debt has grown over the last five years at a pace never witnessed in the country’s history. Public debt (both rupee and dollar components) has grown at an average rate of 21.5 percent per annum in the last five years (2008-12) as against an average rate of 6.6 percent per annum during the first seven years (2000-07) of the previous decade. In absolute terms, public debt rose from Rs6040 billion in 2007-08 to Rs14255 billion by the end of June 2013; that is, an addition of Rs8215 billion in five years.
It is interesting that successive governments over the last 60 years accumulated Rs6040 billion public debt while the previous regime alone added Rs8215 in just five years. Put differently, every child born in 2007-08 carried a debt burden of Rs36606. A child born in 2012-13 carried a debt of Rs77896 – an increase of 112 percent in just five years.
Within the public debt, it is domestic debt that has grown at a pace (23.4 percent per annum) faster than external debt, which stood at $46.2 billion in end June-2008 and rose to $66.4 billion by end-June 2011. But it declined to almost $60 billion in end-June 2013. The decline in external debt owes to the suspension of the IMF programme in May 2010 which dried up most of the external flows from the International Financial Institutions. Meantime, Pakistan continued to service its external debt obligations out of its foreign exchange reserves. It appears that the suspension of the IMF programme was a blessing in disguise as it prevented Pakistan from further accumulating external debt to the extent of approximately $10 billion by now.
Within the domestic debt, the composition of debt has witnessed considerable changes in the last five years. Medium-to-long term debt has been converted into short-term debt with serious consequences for government’s debt management. Today, over 55 percent of domestic debt (Rs5.2 trillion) is of short maturity, which must be rolled over at least once a year. Even more worrisome is the fact that the bulk of short-term debt is shifted to the shortest end of the maturity (three and six months).
Factors responsible for the unprecedented surge in debt include the persistence of large fiscal deficit (on average over 7 percent of GDP), sharp depreciation of exchange rate (over 40 percent) and slower growth in economy (on average, 3 percent per annum). The persistence of large fiscal deficit represents government’s inability to collect more revenues on the one hand and reckless spending on the other, resulting in an extraordinary surge in public debt. Higher public debt has caused interest payment to more than double, crowded out private investment and reduced fiscal space to undertake much needed public investment in infrastructure.
The prime minister’s concern is genuine. He has inherited a severely damaged economy. What is required on his part is not to repeat the same mistakes. Fiscal consolidation should therefore be the topmost priority of his government. In his frequent speeches, he loves to mention various developmental projects of national and regional importance that he intends to launch. All these projects would require resources to complete them. He has seldom talked about domestic resource mobilisation with same zeal and fervour. It is suggested that domestic resource mobilisation should be an integral part of his government’s fiscal consolidation.
Secondly, fiscal consolidation efforts need to be complimented by measures that support growth: structural issues need to be addressed and monetary conditions need to be as supportive as possible. The beginning is not up to the mark. The government has borrowed Rs611 billion in just 40 days from the State Bank of Pakistan as against Rs507 billion in full year (2012-13). In other words, it has borrowed Rs15.3 billion per day in 40 days as against Rs1.4 billion per day by the previous regime in 2012-13.
Thirdly, exchange rate stability is also vital for preventing public debt accumulation. The performance in this regard is equally poor. The exchange rate has already depreciated by 6 percent in just 80 days. Accordingly, without borrowing a single dollar, Pakistan has added Rs276 billion in public debt in just 80 days – Rs3.5 billion per day.
Nothing is lost thus far on economic front for this government. These are minor damages and can be cured. What is required from the government is a serious effort to consolidate the debt situation through fiscal discipline, productive use of fiscal deficit, improving the quality of expenditure, exchange rate stability, structural reforms, a vibrant debt office, good communication strategy, and a strong and coherent economic team.
The writer is the principal and dean of NUST Business School, Islamabad.
Email: ahkhan@nbs.edu.pk
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